在本文中，我们将学习如何在CentOS 7上安装和配置MS SQL。微软最近宣布他们计划发布适用于Linux的MS SQL。特别是适用于RedHat企业版Linux、CentOS和Ubuntu的beta版本，但仅适用于64位版本。

先决条件

在CentOS上安装MS SQL Server

由于默认的CentOS仓库中没有MS SQL可用，我们需要将MS SQL仓库的详细信息添加到本地yum仓库中。

为了使用命令行安装MS SQL Server，我们需要将仓库添加到本地yum仓库中。

# curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server.repo> /etc/yum.repos.d/mssql-server.repo% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time CurrentDload Upload Total Spent Left Speed100 220 100 220 0 0 257 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 257

更新存储库后，我们将运行以下命令来安装 MS-SQL 服务器

# yum update# yum install -y mssql-server……Resolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package mssql-server.x86_64 0:14.0.1.246-6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: bzip2 for package: mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: gdb for package: mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package bzip2.x86_64 0:1.0.6-13.el7 will be installed---> Package gdb.x86_64 0:7.6.1-80.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================================================Installing:mssql-server x86_64 14.0.1.246-6 packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server 138 MInstalling for dependencies:bzip2 x86_64 1.0.6-13.el7 base 52 kgdb x86_64 7.6.1-80.el7 base 2.4 MTransaction Summary================================================================================Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)……+-------------------------------------------------------------------+| Please run /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr-setup to complete the setup of || Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R). |+-------------------------------------------------------------------+Verifying : mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64 1/3Verifying : gdb-7.6.1-80.el7.x86_64 2/3Verifying : bzip2-1.0.6-13.el7.x86_64 3/3Installed:mssql-server.x86_64 0:14.0.1.246-6Dependency Installed:bzip2.x86_64 0:1.0.6-13.el7 gdb.x86_64 0:7.6.1-80.el7Complete!

配置MS SQL SA帐户

安装完成后，我们将运行sqlservr-setup脚本来设置SA的密码；我们需要为 SA 帐户提供一个强密码（至少 8 个字符、小写和大写字母以及 1 到 10 的数字或任何非字母数字字符）

# sudo /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr-setupMicrosoft(R) SQL Server(R) SetupYou can abort setup at any time by pressing Ctrl-C. Start this programwith the --help option for information about running it in unattendedmode.Please enter a password for the system administrator (SA) account:Please confirm the password for the system administrator (SA) account:Setting a password for the system administrator (SA) accountDo you wish to start the SQL Server service now? [y/n]: YDo you wish to enable SQL Server to start on boot? [y/n]: yCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service.Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server-telemetry.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server-telemetry.service.Setup completed successfully.

配置完成后，我们将重新启动MS SQL服务，并使用以下命令查看服务的状态：

重新启动服务

# systemctl start mssql-server

查看服务的状态

# systemctl status mssql-servermssql-server.service - Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Database EngineLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Fri 2016-12-02 15:52:33 IST; 5min agoMain PID: 2299 (sqlservr)CGroup: /system.slice/mssql-server.service├─2299 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr└─2307 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservrDec 02 15:52:37 localhost.localdomain sqlservr[2299]: 2016-12-02 10:22:37.31 spid17s....Dec 02 15:52:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-ser...'Dec 02 15:52:37 localhost.localdomain sqlservr[2299]: 2016-12-02 10:22:37.53 spid6s ........Dec 02 15:57:40 localhost.localdomain sqlservr[2299]: 2016-12-02 10:27:40.21 spid51 ...'Dec 02 15:57:43 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R)....Hint: Some lines were eclipsed, use -l to show in full.

打开 MS SQL 的防火墙

我们需要打开防火墙设置，以便可以访问 MS SQL，以下是打开防火墙的命令

# sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1433/tcp --permanent# sudo firewall-cmd –reload

安装 MS SQL 工具

我们需要下载 Microsoft 仓库。

# curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo> /etc/yum.repos.d/msprod.repo% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time CurrentDload Upload Total Spent Left Speed0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0100 193 100 193 0 0 213 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 213

一旦将存储库安装在本地机器上，我们可以使用以下命令安装MS SQL工具：

# yum install mssql-toolsLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorpackages-microsoft-com-prod | 2.9 kB 00:00:00packages-microsoft-com-prod/primary_db | 4.6 kB 00:00:00Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* base: mirrors.digipower.vn* extras: mirror.digistar.vn* updates: mirror.digistar.vnResolving Dependencies========================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size========================================================================================Installing:mssql-tools x86_64 14.0.1.246-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 249 kInstalling for dependencies:libtool-ltdl x86_64 2.4.2-21.el7_2 updates 49 kmsodbcsql x86_64 13.0.1.0-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 3.8 MunixODBC-utf16 x86_64 2.3.1-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 329 kTransaction Summary========================================================================================Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)Total download size: 4.5 MInstalled size: 4.5 MIs this ok [y/d/N]: ^CNExiting on user commandYour transaction was saved, rerun it with:yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.2016-12-02.17-18.RpEVqg.yumtxDo you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO)YESInstalling : msodbcsql-13.0.1.0-1.x86_64 3/4The license terms for this product can be downloaded fromhttp://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746949 and found in/usr/share/doc/mssql-tools/LICENSE.txt . By entering 'YES,'you indicate that you accept the license terms.Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO)YESDependency Installed:libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-21.el7_2 msodbcsql.x86_64 0:13.0.1.0-1unixODBC-utf16.x86_64 0:2.3.1-1Complete!

连接到 Linux 上的 SQL Server

在计算机上安装工具后，我们将测试以下命令和一般语法以连接到 MS SQL Server。

语法

# sqlcmd –S IP-ADDRESS –U SA –P ‘CREATE DATABASE TEST1;2>GO;3>quit

在上面的文章中，我们学习了 – 如何安装 MS SQL Server、MS SQL 命令行工具来连接到服务器。我们还学习了 – 如何更改或设置 MS SQL 的 SA 帐户密码。